The basics
Put simply the Achilles tendon, at it's attachment to the heel, becomes inflamed. This can occur for a few reasons however normally the primary issue is that the growth plates in children at this age are yet to full develop and are therefore more susceptible to 'overuse' type injuries. In a growing child weight bearing activity will generally aggravate the injury. This occurs because there is too much force being placed on the tendon attachment during weight bearing activity.
Risk factors
Sever's disease is a very similar issue, in nature, to Osgood Schlatters (OSD) and is effected by many of the same risk factors, e.g. increased activity, leg length discrepancies, recent growth spurts, poor bio-mechanics in sporting activities, tight calf musculature or being over weight / obese.
|| Osgood Schlatters occurs at the knee ||
|| Severs Disease occurs at the Achilles heel ||Treatment / Management
The good news is that most children will 'grow out' of this injury within 2 week - 6 months. It is important it's managed carefully in the mean time though. If managed incorrectly there is the possibility of a calcification (permanent bony deposit) developing at the base of heel.
Generally decreased activity will be required. This is usually on a the basis of pain free activity, meaning that pain free activity is fine, painful activity is not.
As with OSD the same treatment options are applicable for Sever's Disease:
Treatment for Sever's will involve:
- Rest (or relative rest) - by 'relative rest' I mean that ALL activity must be pain free. If an activity causes pain then rest must be enforced.
- Soft tissue techniques (massage) to free up the tight muscular tissue.
- Bio-mechanical screening - to make sure no unnecessary force is being generated at the foot, ankle or heel.
- Light stretching - only when appropriate.
- Ice / cold treatment - to help manage the inflammation.
- Train / play through pain.
- Stretch heavily if it causes pain.
